Ph.D., Organization Theory and Information Science, Carnegie Mellon University (Sept 1985 - Dec 1990)
Thesis Title: A Dual Model of Internal Labor Markets: Parallel Processing Vacancy Chain Pull Mechanisms and Seniority-Merit Push Mechanisms.

M.S., Business Administration, National Chengchi University (Sept 1981 - June 1983)

B.S., Department of Political Science, National Chengchi University (Sept 1977 - June 1981)